{"id":2451,"date":"2015-12-01T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2015-11-30T23:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/histoire-en-citations.fr\/WP\/2025\/06\/19\/toute-ville-assiegee-par-vauban-ville-prise\/"},"modified":"2025-07-19T09:15:16","modified_gmt":"2025-07-19T07:15:16","slug":"toute-ville-assiegee-par-vauban-ville-prise","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/histoire-en-citations.fr\/WP\/toute-ville-assiegee-par-vauban-ville-prise\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00ab Toute ville assi\u00e9g\u00e9e par Vauban, ville prise,&#8230;"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"field-item even\">\n<p><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/histoire-en-citations.fr\/WP\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/vauban_citations.jpg\" alt=\"vauban citations\" title=\"vauban citations\" style=\"margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto\" width=\"200\" height=\"310\"><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p class=\"citation\"><span class=\"enonce\">\u00ab\u00a0Toute ville assi\u00e9g\u00e9e par Vauban, ville prise, Toute ville d\u00e9fendue par Vauban, ville imprenable.\u00a0\u00bb<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"auteur\">Proverbe du vivant de Vauban<\/p>\n<p class=\"source\"><cite>Histoire g\u00e9n\u00e9rale du <span class=\"caps\">IV<\/span><sup>e<\/sup>\u00a0si\u00e8cle \u00e0 nos jours<\/cite> (1901), Ernest Lavisse, Alfred Rambaud.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p class=\"ressi\">Futur mar\u00e9chal de France, commissaire g\u00e9n\u00e9ral des fortifications en 1678, il entoure le royaume d\u2019une ceinture de villes fortifi\u00e9es (la fameuse \u00ab\u00a0ceinture de fer\u00a0\u00bb) et d\u2019ouvrages isol\u00e9s (avec des lignes rasantes, moins vuln\u00e9rables \u00e0 l\u2019artillerie). Lille devient avec lui \u00ab\u00a0la reine des citadelles\u00a0\u00bb, parmi plus de 30 construites et 300 renforc\u00e9es. Il cr\u00e9e aussi des ports militaires et commerciaux. Vauban souhaite faire de la France un \u00ab\u00a0pr\u00e9 carr\u00e9\u00a0\u00bb inviolable\u00a0: c\u2019est la d\u00e9fense du territoire.<\/p>\n<p>Cet ing\u00e9nieur de g\u00e9nie s\u2019int\u00e9resse \u00e9galement aux techniques d\u2019attaque de plus en plus perfectionn\u00e9es, mais il pr\u00e9f\u00e8re le mortier au canon, plus mobile et moins vuln\u00e9rable. Pour limiter le nombre de morts, il veut faire des si\u00e8ges les plus courts possible, et en remporte de nombreux pendant la guerre de la Ligue d\u2019Augsbourg (dite aussi guerre de Neuf Ans)\u00a0: Mons avec Louis\u00a0<span class=\"caps\">XIV<\/span> (1691), Namur (1692), Steinkerque avec le mar\u00e9chal duc de Luxembourg (1692).<\/p>\n<p>Entre l\u2019attaque et la d\u00e9fense, une anecdote\u00a0: la seule ville que Vauban n\u2019a pu prendre\u2026 a \u00e9t\u00e9 fortifi\u00e9e par Vauban. C\u2019est peut-\u00eatre une l\u00e9gende.<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p class=\"citation-small\">\u00ab\u00a0Je la tiens [la paix] pour plus inf\u00e2me que celle de Cateau-Cambr\u00e9sis.\u00a0\u00bb<span id=\"916\" class=\"cit-num\">916<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"auteur\">Mar\u00e9chal de <span class=\"caps\">VAUBAN<\/span> (1633-1707)<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\u00a0La paix de Ryswick met fin \u00e0 la guerre de la ligue d\u2019Augsbourg, en 1697. La France est victorieuse sur le terrain, mais Louis <span class=\"caps\">XIV<\/span> fait preuve d\u2019une mod\u00e9ration qui \u00e9tonne ses adversaires et indigne le grand militaire qu\u2019est Vauban \u2013 comme Monluc et Brant\u00f4me apr\u00e8s le trait\u00e9 de 1559 mettant fin aux guerres d\u2019Italie. Plus de dix ans de guerre inutile\u00a0: la France revient en gros \u00e0 ses fronti\u00e8res de la paix de Nim\u00e8gue (1679), rendant la Lorraine, le Luxembourg, les annexions ou \u00ab\u00a0r\u00e9unions\u00a0\u00bb (sauf Strasbourg et Sarrelouis). Enfin, Louis <span class=\"caps\">XIV<\/span> en reconnaissant Guillaume <span class=\"caps\">III<\/span>, roi d\u2019Angleterre, protestant et constitutionnel, renonce \u00e0 soutenir les partisans catholiques des Stuarts.<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p class=\"citation-small\">\u00ab\u00a0Tant que la lev\u00e9e des revenus [de l\u2019\u00c9tat] s\u2019exigera par des voies arbitraires, il est impossible que les peuples ne soient expos\u00e9s \u00e0 un pillage universel r\u00e9pandu par le royaume.\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n<p class=\"auteur\">Mar\u00e9chal de <span class=\"caps\">VAUBAN<\/span> (1633-1707), <em>Projet d\u2019une d\u00eeme royale<\/em> (1707)<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>Pour y rem\u00e9dier, l\u2019auteur propose un nouvel imp\u00f4t\u00a0: \u00ab\u00a0La d\u00eeme royale d\u00e9livrerait (le peuple) tout d\u2019un coup de toutes les vexations et avanies des collecteurs, des receveurs des tailles et de leurs supp\u00f4ts.\u00a0\u00bb L\u2019ouvrage est interdit, et Vauban meurt en 1707, mar\u00e9chal de France, mais tomb\u00e9 en disgr\u00e2ce.<\/p>\n<p>Des tentatives sont cependant faites. On pourrait m\u00eame parler de r\u00e9volution fiscale avec la capitation, taxe par t\u00eate frappant les contribuables en raison de leur rang social, et le dixi\u00e8me, imp\u00f4t proportionnel \u00e0 tous les revenus. Mais ce sera l\u2019\u00e9chec\u00a0: l\u2019\u00e9quipement administratif est insuffisant et les privil\u00e9gi\u00e9s (noblesse et haut clerg\u00e9) r\u00e9sistent si bien que le poids fiscal retombe pratiquement sur le peuple, toujours taillable.<\/p>\n<p><a title=\"louis xiv citations\" href=\"http:\/\/www.histoire-en-citations.fr\/boutique\/volume-3\" target=\"_blank\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/histoire-en-citations.fr\/WP\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/histoire-en-citations-volume-3-15.jpg\" alt=\"Louis xiv citations\" title=\"Louis xiv citations\" style=\"float: left;margin: 10px\" width=\"165\" height=\"220\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<a title=\"louis xiv citations\" href=\"http:\/\/www.histoire-en-citations.fr\/boutique\/volume-3\" target=\"_blank\">Feuilletez notre Chronique sur le Si\u00e8cle de Louis <span class=\"caps\">XIV<\/span> pour tout savoir.<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<style>\r\n        a .cit-num {\r\n            text-decoration: none !important;\r\n            color: inherit !important;\r\n        }\r\n    <\/style>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00ab\u00a0Toute ville assi\u00e9g\u00e9e par Vauban, ville prise, Toute ville d\u00e9fendue par Vauban, ville imprenable.\u00a0\u00bb Proverbe du vivant de Vauban Histoire g\u00e9n\u00e9rale du IVe\u00a0si\u00e8cle \u00e0 nos jours (1901), Ernest Lavisse, Alfred Rambaud. Futur mar\u00e9chal de France, commissaire g\u00e9n\u00e9ral des fortifications en 1678, il entoure le royaume d&#8217;une ceinture de villes fortifi\u00e9es (la fameuse \u00ab\u00a0ceinture de fer\u00a0\u00bb) [&#8230;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"iawp_total_views":75,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1447],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2451","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-assiegee-chronique-citation-du-jour-defendue-imprenable-siecle-de-louis-xiv-vauban-marechal-de-ville"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/histoire-en-citations.fr\/WP\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2451","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/histoire-en-citations.fr\/WP\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/histoire-en-citations.fr\/WP\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/histoire-en-citations.fr\/WP\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/histoire-en-citations.fr\/WP\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2451"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/histoire-en-citations.fr\/WP\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2451\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2454,"href":"https:\/\/histoire-en-citations.fr\/WP\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2451\/revisions\/2454"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/histoire-en-citations.fr\/WP\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2451"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/histoire-en-citations.fr\/WP\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2451"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/histoire-en-citations.fr\/WP\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2451"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}