{"id":2606,"date":"2015-12-02T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2015-12-01T23:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/histoire-en-citations.fr\/WP\/2025\/06\/19\/les-francais-veulent-legalite-dans-la\/"},"modified":"2025-07-19T09:15:23","modified_gmt":"2025-07-19T07:15:23","slug":"les-francais-veulent-legalite-dans-la","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/histoire-en-citations.fr\/WP\/les-francais-veulent-legalite-dans-la\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00ab [Les Fran\u00e7ais] veulent l&#039;\u00e9galit\u00e9 dans la&#8230;"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"field-item even\">\n<p><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/histoire-en-citations.fr\/WP\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/alexis_de_tocqueville_citations.jpg\" alt=\"Alexis de Tocqueville citations\" title=\"Alexis de Tocqueville citations\" style=\"margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto\" width=\"199\" height=\"268\"><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p class=\"citation\"><span class=\"enonce\">\u00ab\u00a0[Les Fran\u00e7ais] veulent l\u2019\u00e9galit\u00e9 dans la libert\u00e9 et, s\u2019ils ne peuvent l\u2019obtenir, ils la veulent encore dans l\u2019esclavage.\u00a0\u00bb<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"auteur\"><span data-href=\"\/auteurs\/alexis-de-tocqueville\"><span class=\"author\"><span class=\"surname\">Alexis de <\/span><span class=\"name\"><span class=\"caps\">TOCQUEVILLE<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> (1805-1859), <cite><span class=\"caps\">L\u2019A<\/span>ncien R\u00e9gime et la R\u00e9volution<\/cite> (1856)<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p class=\"ressi\">Homme politique devenu historien et philosophe, Tocqueville est le Montesquieu du <span class=\"caps\">XIX<\/span><sup>e<\/sup>\u00a0si\u00e8cle. Sensible aux progr\u00e8s de l\u2019\u00e9galit\u00e9, il pense cependant qu\u2019il peut d\u00e9couler de la d\u00e9mocratie un redoutable danger, le despotisme de la majorit\u00e9. Pour maintenir la libert\u00e9, il faut donc deux garanties essentielles\u00a0: libert\u00e9 de la presse, ind\u00e9pendance du pouvoir judiciaire. Sa d\u00e9monstration est fond\u00e9e sur l\u2019examen rigoureux des faits historiques. Rappelons qu\u2019\u00e0 cette date (1856), l\u2019Empire est une dictature et le bon usage du suffrage universel est d\u2019un apprentissage difficile. Si l\u2019\u00e9galit\u00e9 des droits est en progr\u00e8s, dans les faits, le capitalisme triomphant rend les riches plus riches, sans am\u00e9liorer la condition des pauvres.<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p class=\"citation-small\">\u00ab\u00a0Le sentiment de l\u2019instabilit\u00e9, ce sentiment pr\u00e9curseur des r\u00e9volutions, existe \u00e0 un degr\u00e9 tr\u00e8s redoutable dans le pays.\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n<p class=\"auteur\">Alexis de <span class=\"caps\">TOCQUEVILLE<\/span> (1805-1859), Chambre des d\u00e9put\u00e9s, 27 janvier 1848<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p class=\"ressi\">Il s\u2019est jet\u00e9 dans la vie politique, comme nombre de ses confr\u00e8res. Lui aussi a une vue claire de la situation. Mais Louis-Philippe reste aveugle, comme le chef du gouvernement. Lamennais a eu ce mot pr\u00e9monitoire en 1843\u00a0: \u00ab\u00a0C\u2019est Guizot qui doit conduire la monarchie de Louis-Philippe \u00e0 son dernier g\u00eete. Il est n\u00e9 fossoyeur.\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p class=\"citation-small\">\u00ab\u00a0[La France] la plus brillante et la plus dangereuse des nations de l\u2019Europe, et la mieux faite pour y devenir tour \u00e0 tour un objet d\u2019admiration, de haine, de piti\u00e9, de terreur, mais jamais d\u2019indiff\u00e9rence.\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n<p class=\"auteur\">Alexis de <span class=\"caps\">TOCQUEVILLE<\/span> (1805-1859), <em>L\u2019Ancien R\u00e9gime et la R\u00e9volution<\/em> (1856)<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p class=\"ressi\">Renon\u00e7ant \u00e0 la carri\u00e8re politique apr\u00e8s le coup d\u2019\u00c9tat du 2 d\u00e9cembre 1851, Tocqueville sera l\u2019un des grands historiens et penseurs du si\u00e8cle. La politique ext\u00e9rieure de Napol\u00e9on a deux buts\u00a0: d\u2019abord rassurer et se faire accepter des cours europ\u00e9ennes pour qui le Premier Empire reste un mauvais souvenir\u00a0; ensuite jouer un r\u00f4le de grande puissance mondiale pour des raisons de commerce aussi bien que de prestige. Mais face \u00e0 l\u2019Allemagne, ni la diplomatie ni l\u2019arm\u00e9e fran\u00e7aise ne pourront rien.<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p class=\"citation-small\">\u00ab\u00a0Louis-Napol\u00e9on se croyait fermement l\u2019homme de la destin\u00e9e et l\u2019homme n\u00e9cessaire. S\u2019il avait une sorte d\u2019adoration abstraite pour le peuple, il ressentait tr\u00e8s peu de go\u00fbt pour la libert\u00e9 [\u2026] Il lui fallait des croyants en son \u00e9toile et des adorateurs de sa fortune.\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n<p class=\"auteur\">Alexis de <span class=\"caps\">TOCQUEVILLE<\/span> (1805-1859), <em>Souvenirs<\/em> (posthume, 1893)<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p class=\"ressi\">Entour\u00e9 d\u2019une \u00e9quipe de fid\u00e8les plus ou moins valables, l\u2019empereur n\u2019est plus le personnage falot de ses d\u00e9buts politiques. Son nom, sa foi affich\u00e9e dans les \u00ab\u00a0id\u00e9es napol\u00e9oniennes\u00a0\u00bb et sa certitude de les incarner ont permis au personnage de s\u2019imposer et d\u2019acqu\u00e9rir une vraie popularit\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p>Quant \u00e0 la libert\u00e9, il s\u2019en m\u00e9fie. Une assez jolie et juste m\u00e9taphore explique le lib\u00e9ralisme insuffl\u00e9 par lui au r\u00e9gime \u00e0 dose compt\u00e9e\u00a0: \u00ab\u00a0La libert\u00e9 est comme un fleuve\u00a0: pour qu\u2019elle apporte l\u2019abondance et non la d\u00e9vastation, il faut qu\u2019on lui creuse un lit large et profond. Si, dans son cours r\u00e9gulier et majestueux, elle reste dans ses limites naturelles, les pays qu\u2019elle traverse b\u00e9nissent son passage\u00a0; mais si elle vient comme un torrent qui d\u00e9borde, on la regarde comme le plus terrible des fl\u00e9aux\u00a0\u00bb (<em>Des id\u00e9es napol\u00e9oniennes<\/em>).<\/p>\n<p class=\"ressi\"><a title=\"Second Empire citations\" href=\"http:\/\/www.histoire-en-citations.fr\/boutique\/volume-8\" target=\"_blank\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/histoire-en-citations.fr\/WP\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/histoire-en-citations-volume-8-9.jpg\" alt=\"Second Empire citations\" title=\"Second Empire citations\" style=\"margin: 10px;float: left\" width=\"140\" height=\"187\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"ressi\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p class=\"ressi\"><a title=\"Second Empire citations\" href=\"http:\/\/www.histoire-en-citations.fr\/boutique\/volume-8\" target=\"_blank\">Feuilletez nos Chroniques pour tout savoir.<\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"ressi\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p class=\"ressi\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p class=\"ressi\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<style>\r\n        a .cit-num {\r\n            text-decoration: none !important;\r\n            color: inherit !important;\r\n        }\r\n    <\/style>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00ab\u00a0[Les Fran\u00e7ais] veulent l&#8217;\u00e9galit\u00e9 dans la libert\u00e9 et, s&#8217;ils ne peuvent l&#8217;obtenir, ils la veulent encore dans l&#8217;esclavage.\u00a0\u00bb Alexis de TOCQUEVILLE (1805-1859), L&#8217;Ancien R\u00e9gime et la R\u00e9volution (1856) Homme politique devenu historien et philosophe, Tocqueville est le Montesquieu du XIXe\u00a0si\u00e8cle. Sensible aux progr\u00e8s de l&#8217;\u00e9galit\u00e9, il pense cependant qu&#8217;il peut d\u00e9couler de la d\u00e9mocratie un [&#8230;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"iawp_total_views":6,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1498],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2606","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-alexis-de-tocqueville-chronique-citation-du-jour-second-empire"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/histoire-en-citations.fr\/WP\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2606","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/histoire-en-citations.fr\/WP\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/histoire-en-citations.fr\/WP\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/histoire-en-citations.fr\/WP\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/histoire-en-citations.fr\/WP\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2606"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/histoire-en-citations.fr\/WP\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2606\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2609,"href":"https:\/\/histoire-en-citations.fr\/WP\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2606\/revisions\/2609"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/histoire-en-citations.fr\/WP\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2606"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/histoire-en-citations.fr\/WP\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2606"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/histoire-en-citations.fr\/WP\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2606"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}