{"id":2703,"date":"2015-12-02T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2015-12-01T23:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/histoire-en-citations.fr\/WP\/2025\/06\/19\/le-choix-est-simple-modernisation-ou\/"},"modified":"2026-03-18T14:53:32","modified_gmt":"2026-03-18T13:53:32","slug":"le-choix-est-simple-modernisation-ou","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/histoire-en-citations.fr\/WP\/le-choix-est-simple-modernisation-ou\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00ab Le choix est simple : modernisation ou&#8230;"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"field-item even\">\n<p><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" style=\"margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\" title=\"jean monnet citations\" src=\"https:\/\/histoire-en-citations.fr\/WP\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/jean_monnet_citations.jpg\" alt=\"jean monnet citations\" width=\"500\" height=\"313\"><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p class=\"citation\"><span class=\"enonce\">\u00ab\u00a0Le choix est simple\u00a0: modernisation ou d\u00e9cadence.\u00a0\u00bb<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"auteur\"><span data-href=\"\/auteurs\/jean-monnet\"><span class=\"author\"><span class=\"surname\">Jean <\/span><span class=\"name\"><span class=\"caps\">MONNET<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> (1888-1979), <cite>M\u00e9moires<\/cite> (1976)<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p class=\"ressi\">Il reste l\u2019un des P\u00e8res de l\u2019Europe, et le promoteur du premier plan fran\u00e7ais, dit de modernisation et d\u2019\u00e9quipement, lanc\u00e9 le 27\u00a0novembre 1946.<\/p>\n<p>Apr\u00e8s la guerre, les priorit\u00e9s \u00e9conomiques s\u2019imposent\u00a0: reconstruire le pays, moderniser l\u2019outil de production. Le plan est la solution rationnelle \u2013 de\u00a0Gaulle, revenu au pouvoir, dira que \u00ab\u00a0les objectifs \u00e0 d\u00e9terminer par le Plan rev\u00eatent pour tous les Fran\u00e7ais un caract\u00e8re d\u2019ardente obligation\u00a0\u00bb. Mais la planification \u00e0 la fran\u00e7aise n\u2019est pas dirigiste, se voulant surtout incitative, apr\u00e8s concertation. Pr\u00e8s d\u2019un millier d\u2019acteurs \u00e9conomiques sont consult\u00e9s pendant un an (patrons, syndicalistes, fonctionnaires), de sorte que le plan est bien accept\u00e9, en 1947. Il b\u00e9n\u00e9ficie \u00e9galement du plan Marshall, initiative am\u00e9ricaine, au niveau europ\u00e9en.<\/p>\n<p>La vraie citation est un peu plus longue, dans le Rapport du Commissariat g\u00e9n\u00e9ral du Plan (1946)\u00a0: \u00ab\u00a0Nous n\u2019avons pas le choix. La modernisation n\u2019a d\u2019autre alternative que la d\u00e9cadence.\u00a0\u00bb La devise de Monnet, souvent reprise, est plus concise\u00a0: \u00ab\u00a0Modernisation ou d\u00e9cadence\u00a0\u00bb. Quant \u00e0 sa philosophie, elle se r\u00e9sume en cette formule\u00a0: \u00ab\u00a0La modernisation n\u2019est pas un \u00e9tat de choses, mais un \u00e9tat d\u2019esprit.\u00a0\u00bb Forme et fond, tout cela est tr\u00e8s gaulliste (ou gaullien), m\u00eame si les deux hommes ne s\u2019entendent pas, pour diverses raisons \u2013 la guerre, hier, et la conception de la future Europe, que Monnet envisage supranationale et de\u00a0Gaulle entre \u00c9tats souverains (avant tout France et Allemagne, les Gaulois et les Germains).<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p class=\"citation-small\">\u00ab\u00a0La modernisation n\u2019est pas un \u00e9tat de chose, c\u2019est un \u00e9tat d\u2019esprit.\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n<p class=\"auteur\">Jean <span class=\"caps\">MONNET<\/span> (1888-1979), Pr\u00e9sentation du premier Plan (1947)<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>Monnet sera aussi le farouche d\u00e9fenseur de l\u2019id\u00e9e d\u2019Europe unie, qui na\u00eet sous le signe de l\u2019\u00e9conomie dans les ann\u00e9es 1950, avec la Communaut\u00e9 europ\u00e9enne du charbon et de l\u2019acier (<span class=\"caps\">CECA<\/span>).<\/p>\n<p><a title=\"citations ive republiques\" href=\"https:\/\/www.histoire-en-citations.fr\/boutique\/volume-9\"><img decoding=\"async\" style=\"float: left; margin: 10px;\" title=\"citations ive republique\" src=\"https:\/\/histoire-en-citations.fr\/WP\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/histoire-en-citations-volume-9-7.jpg\" alt=\"citation ive r\u00e9publique\" width=\"165\" height=\"220\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a title=\"citations ive r\u00e9publique\" href=\"https:\/\/www.histoire-en-citations.fr\/boutique\/volume-9\">Feuilletez notre Chronique sur la Quatri\u00e8me R\u00e9publique pour tout savoir.<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<style>\r\n        a .cit-num {\r\n            text-decoration: none !important;\r\n            color: inherit !important;\r\n        }\r\n    <\/style>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00ab\u00a0Le choix est simple\u00a0: modernisation ou d\u00e9cadence.\u00a0\u00bbJean MONNET (1888-1979), M\u00e9moires (1976)Il reste l\u2019un des P\u00e8res de l\u2019Europe, et le promoteur du premier plan fran\u00e7ais, dit de modernisation et d\u2019\u00e9quipement, lanc\u00e9 le 27\u00a0novembre 1946.Apr\u00e8s la guerre, les priorit\u00e9s \u00e9conomiques s\u2019imposent\u00a0: reconstruire le pays, moderniser l\u2019outil de production. Le plan est la solution rationnelle \u2013 de\u00a0Gaulle, revenu [&#8230;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"iawp_total_views":21,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1527],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2703","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-chronique-citation-du-jour-jean-monnet-quatrieme-republique"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/histoire-en-citations.fr\/WP\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2703","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/histoire-en-citations.fr\/WP\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/histoire-en-citations.fr\/WP\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/histoire-en-citations.fr\/WP\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/histoire-en-citations.fr\/WP\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2703"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/histoire-en-citations.fr\/WP\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2703\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":15693,"href":"https:\/\/histoire-en-citations.fr\/WP\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2703\/revisions\/15693"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/histoire-en-citations.fr\/WP\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2703"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/histoire-en-citations.fr\/WP\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2703"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/histoire-en-citations.fr\/WP\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2703"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}