{"id":5253,"date":"2017-10-23T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2017-10-22T22:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/histoire-en-citations.fr\/WP\/2025\/06\/21\/de-gaulle-en-1944-les-francais-etaient-malheureux-maintenant-ils-sont-mecontents-cest-un-progres\/"},"modified":"2025-07-19T09:16:49","modified_gmt":"2025-07-19T07:16:49","slug":"de-gaulle-en-1944-les-francais-etaient-malheureux-maintenant-ils-sont-mecontents-cest-un-progres","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/histoire-en-citations.fr\/WP\/de-gaulle-en-1944-les-francais-etaient-malheureux-maintenant-ils-sont-mecontents-cest-un-progres\/","title":{"rendered":"De Gaulle : \u00ab En 1944, les Fran\u00e7ais \u00e9taient malheureux, maintenant ils sont m\u00e9contents. C&#039;est un progr\u00e8s.\u00a0\u00bb"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"field-item even\">\n<p>Quatri\u00e8me R\u00e9publique. Mal aim\u00e9e, mal connue, un pass\u00e9 \u00e0 la fois trop proche et trop lointain, entre la Troisi\u00e8me et la Cinqui\u00e8me. Apr\u00e8s la guerre, le pays redevient \u00ab\u00a0ingouvernable\u00a0\u00bb. Humour aidant, le constat critique passe mieux, avec quelques v\u00e9rit\u00e9s bonnes \u00e0 dire. Commen\u00e7ons par de Gaulle, si absent et pourtant si pr\u00e9sent entre 1945 et 1958.<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p class=\"citation\"><span class=\"enonce\">\u00ab\u00a0En 1944, les Fran\u00e7ais \u00e9taient malheureux, maintenant ils sont m\u00e9contents. C\u2019est un progr\u00e8s.\u00a0\u00bb<span id=\"2858\" class=\"cit-num\">2858<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"auteur\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.histoire-en-citations.fr\/indexation\/gaulle-de\"><span data-href=\"\/auteurs\/charles-de-gaulle\"><span class=\"author\"><span class=\"surname\">Charles de <\/span><span class=\"name\"><span class=\"caps\">GAULLE<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a> (1890-1970), de nouveau chef du gouvernement provisoire depuis le 21\u00a0octobre\u00a01945<\/p>\n<p class=\"source\"><cite>De\u00a0Gaulle, l\u2019exil int\u00e9rieur<\/cite> (2001), Jacques Baumel.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p class=\"ressi\">La France est libre, les nationalisations ont commenc\u00e9, la S\u00e9curit\u00e9 sociale est cr\u00e9\u00e9e par ordonnance, les femmes ont enfin le droit de vote, mais les conditions de vie des Fran\u00e7ais restent tr\u00e8s dures\u00a0: pain rationn\u00e9 et cartes d\u2019alimentation pour la plupart des produits, charbon rare et production d\u00e9sorganis\u00e9e. <\/p>\n<p>Peu avant la R\u00e9volution (en 1770), le pays avait d\u2019autres motifs de m\u00e9contentement et le Dauphin (futur <a href=\"http:\/\/www.histoire-en-citations.fr\/indexation\/louis-xvi\">Louis <span class=\"caps\">XVI<\/span><\/a>) faisait la m\u00eame remarque avec d\u2019autres mots\u00a0: \u00ab\u00a0Les Fran\u00e7ais sont inquiets et murmurateurs, les r\u00eanes du gouvernement ne sont jamais conduites \u00e0 leur gr\u00e9. On dirait que la plainte et le murmure rentrent dans l\u2019essence de leur caract\u00e8re.\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n<p class=\"panneau\">Toutes les citations qui suivent <br>sont comment\u00e9es dans nos <a href=\"https:\/\/www.histoire-en-citations.fr\/boutique\">Chroniques.<\/a><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p class=\"citation-small\">\u00ab\u00a0La France est divis\u00e9e en quarante-trois millions de Fran\u00e7ais. La France est le seul pays du monde o\u00f9, si vous ajoutez dix citoyens \u00e0 dix autres, vous ne faites pas une addition, mais vingt divisions.\u00a0\u00bb<span id=\"2838\" class=\"cit-num\">2838<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"auteur\">Pierre <span class=\"caps\">DANINOS<\/span>,<em> Les Carnets du major Thomson<\/em> (1954)<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>Grand succ\u00e8s de ces Carnets pr\u00e9sent\u00e9s comme la traduction des pens\u00e9es d\u2019un major anglais et jouant sur le d\u00e9calage entre les mentalit\u00e9s nationales. Le proc\u00e9d\u00e9 rappelle les <em>Lettres persanes<\/em> de <a href=\"http:\/\/www.histoire-en-citations.fr\/indexation\/montesquieu\">Montesquieu<\/a> et la division des Fran\u00e7ais renvoie au mot de Rochefort\u00a0(en 1868)\u00a0: \u00ab\u00a0La France compte 36\u00a0millions de sujets, sans compter les sujets de m\u00e9contentement.\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p class=\"citation-small\">\u00ab\u00a0La France\u00a0? Une nation de bourgeois qui se d\u00e9fendent de l\u2019\u00eatre, en attaquant les autres parce qu\u2019ils le sont.\u00a0\u00bb<span id=\"2852\" class=\"cit-num\">2852<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"auteur\">Pierre <span class=\"caps\">DANINOS<\/span>, <em>Les Carnets du major Thomson<\/em> (1954)<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>La France s\u2019embourgeoise et s\u2019installe dans le confort de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 de consommation. Mais il y a des Fran\u00e7ais \u00ab\u00a0plus bourgeois\u00a0\u00bb que d\u2019autres\u00a0: le mieux-\u00eatre est in\u00e9galement r\u00e9parti. La publicit\u00e9, le mythe de l\u2019acc\u00e8s de tous \u00e0 tout rendent les \u00e9carts plus insupportables encore pour les exclus. On mettra un nom sur ce ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne\u00a0: \u00ab\u00a0fracture sociale\u00a0\u00bb.<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p class=\"citation-small\">\u00ab\u00a0La France a toujours cru que l\u2019\u00e9galit\u00e9 consistait \u00e0 trancher ce qui d\u00e9passe.\u00a0\u00bb<span id=\"2853\" class=\"cit-num\">2853<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"auteur\">Jean <span class=\"caps\">COCTEAU<\/span>, <em>Discours de r\u00e9ception \u00e0 l\u2019Acad\u00e9mie fran\u00e7aise<\/em> (1955)<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>Ce mot d\u2019artiste fait naturellement allusion \u00e0 la \u00ab\u00a0r\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9ration guillotini\u00e8re\u00a0\u00bb sous la <a href=\"http:\/\/www.histoire-en-citations.fr\/indexation\/terreur-terreur-terrorisme-fanatisme\">Terreur<\/a> et rejoint la pens\u00e9e d\u2019un homme de gauche, \u00c9douard\u00a0Herriot, radical-socialiste et maire de Lyon pr\u00e8s d\u2019un demi-si\u00e8cle, jusqu\u2019\u00e0 sa mort en 1957\u00a0: \u00ab\u00a0Il est plus facile de proclamer l\u2019\u00e9galit\u00e9 que de la r\u00e9aliser\u00a0\u00bb (<em>Aux sources de la libert\u00e9<\/em>).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<style>\r\n        a .cit-num {\r\n            text-decoration: none !important;\r\n            color: inherit !important;\r\n        }\r\n    <\/style>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Quatri\u00e8me R\u00e9publique. Mal aim\u00e9e, mal connue, un pass\u00e9 \u00e0 la fois trop proche et trop lointain, entre la Troisi\u00e8me et la Cinqui\u00e8me. Apr\u00e8s la guerre, le pays redevient \u00ab\u00a0ingouvernable\u00a0\u00bb. Humour aidant, le constat critique passe mieux, avec quelques v\u00e9rit\u00e9s bonnes \u00e0 dire. Commen\u00e7ons par de Gaulle, si absent et pourtant si pr\u00e9sent entre 1945 et [&#8230;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"iawp_total_views":59,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1850],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5253","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-charles-de-gaulle-chronique-citation-du-jour-quatrieme-republique"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/histoire-en-citations.fr\/WP\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5253","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/histoire-en-citations.fr\/WP\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/histoire-en-citations.fr\/WP\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/histoire-en-citations.fr\/WP\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/histoire-en-citations.fr\/WP\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5253"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/histoire-en-citations.fr\/WP\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5253\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5254,"href":"https:\/\/histoire-en-citations.fr\/WP\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5253\/revisions\/5254"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/histoire-en-citations.fr\/WP\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5253"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/histoire-en-citations.fr\/WP\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5253"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/histoire-en-citations.fr\/WP\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5253"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}